A crochet pattern is a set of instructions for making stitches in a particular order. Before starting, check the terminology, materials, size and gauge. Then work one row or round at a time and count your stitches.
What should I read first?
Read the entire pattern once. Find the skill level, yarn weight, hook size, finished measurements, gauge and abbreviation key. Check whether the pattern uses US or UK terms. A recommended hook is a starting point; your swatch determines whether it produces the required gauge.
What do crochet abbreviations mean?
- ch: chain
- st or sts: stitch or stitches
- sc: single crochet in US terms
- hdc: half double crochet in US terms
- sl st: slip stitch
- BLO: back loop only
Use the pattern’s own definitions for increases, decreases, special stitches and turning chains. Do not assume a turning chain counts as a stitch.
How do I read repeats and stitch counts?
Consider this original practice instruction: “Ch 13. Sc in the second chain from the hook and in each chain across. (12 sts)” You make 12 single crochets. The skipped chain does not become a thirteenth stitch.
For the next practice row: “Ch 1, turn. (Sc in the next 2 sts, 2 sc in the next st) 4 times. (16 sts)” Each repeat uses 3 existing stitches and produces 4 new ones. Four repeats use all 12 stitches and produce 16. In this example the turning chain does not count.
Why are there several numbers in brackets?
They may be size options or stitch counts. The pattern’s size key tells you which is which. Highlight the number for your chosen size before beginning, and keep using that size throughout. Parentheses can also group repeated instructions, so read the nearby wording.
What if my count is wrong?
Stop at the end of the row. Check the first and last stitches, any increases or decreases and whether you counted a turning chain. Put a removable marker in the first stitch. Correct the row before building on it.
A useful routine
- Choose one size and mark its instructions.
- Make the requested swatch.
- Read the next instruction before stitching.
- Count at every checkpoint.
- Record your last completed row.
Start with a project whose required techniques you already know. A PDF supplies instructions; it does not include a finished item, yarn or tools.
Further reference: Craft Yarn Council: How to Read a Crochet Pattern and abbreviation reference.